fish82;655005 wrote:1. Actually, yes...it is.
B. Let's look at Smith's quote.
You honestly think ol' Adam Smith would be cool with the bottom 40% receiving the bulk of gubmint services whilst paying no tax whatsoever? Call me silly, but I think he might take issue with that.
Just out of curiosity, what do you think the ratio of total AGI to total tax burden should be for the rich? If paying double your income share in tax burden isn't "fair," I'd be curious to know what you think would be.
For starters, I don't think it is correct to say that the bottom 40% receive the bulk of government services stemming from income tax expenditures. Medicare and SS sure but those are paid for by payroll taxes and the burden of those wage taxes falls disproportionately on middle and lower income earners. Anyways, the quote says "in proportion to the revenue"...which is income and therefore they ought to pay more depending upon the greater amount of income they receive. Nevertheless, Mr. Smith would have been a proponent of a national wealth tax anyways but I didn't include that quote as it's 1. Very difficult to do constitutionally because of the apportionment clause and has only been done once after the Civil War (back when we paid for wars) and 2. would face a massive back lash from states and localities who rely on such taxes.
Bottom line is, it seems to me, you're caught up in this idea of the sloth slurping away on the hard working man's dollar through social transfers...which, undoubtedly a problem...is among the lower level of real concerns out there. But that's off-topic anyways...
As to your question about what I think is "fair"; For starters, I once held what I gather to be similar beliefs to yourself and believed things like a flat tax is "fair" because everyone pays the same percentage...why should the percentage go up as income goes up?? That was before I learned about things like the declining marginal utility of dollars, the disproportionate burden flat and consumption taxes have on middle and lower income earners, the fact that as incomes rise income more and more of it tends to come from capital gains and dividends now taxed at highly preferential rate structures etc.
Here's a paper I was a research assistant for; I suppose I'm now sympathetic to my former professor's view and tend to believe the fairest system of taxation would be one wherein consumption based upon discretionary use of income is taxed and it would disproportionately tax higher income earners.
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=896353
But, in our current income tax regime; The Urban/Brookings Institute estimate that the effective tax rate on income for the top 1% is around 19%...their effective tax rate for all federal taxes is around 30%. Considering that the Feds collect around 18-20% of GDP in all taxes and about half of that comes from income taxes, I think I'd, in a perfect would, like to see the top 1%'s effective tax rate be somewhere closer to the top marginal rate of around 30-40% of the income taxes collected because they're the ones disproportionately gaining from our regulated capitalist system and have the most consideration that would require protection from foreign armies etc. And, we can know they're disproportionately gaining because in a true free market with strong competition, we wouldn't have so few market actors gaining such large wealth and income disparities that we have in our economy that now resembles a banana republic in that respect. I mean, the top 1% has gained 3 times the increase in earnings since 1990 and not because they're working 3 times harder or are that much more talented in most cases it would seem.
But, necessarily, the proportion of a taxpayer's income that ought to be garnered in many ways depends a lot on what those expenditures are allocated on. As a matter of principle, at bottom, I tend to believe that wealthier individuals and higher income earners ought to bear a significant portion of the costs of going to war because, if the justification for a war is for national security purposes, the assets by and large that are in need of security belong to these elite and since they are not the one's sending their children off to fight the wars, etc. by and large and in fact might find a good bloodbath very profitable on the contrary, it seems to me they ought to bear a large part of this social cost. How the tax burden is allocate. If a third of tax revenue was going to checks to the poor and indignant who in turn willingly and maliciously offer nothing to society or to high income earners through productive labor (and never have nor likely will) then I surely would think differently but really this is not the major thorn ailing our federal budget.