There's no substitute for sheer numbers. I think it's pretty generally accepted that economic growth is directly correlated with population growth. The US has, historically, had a big advantage in being able to offset slower internal growth by attracting scores of highly capable immigrants.
I think a lot of the education debate is misguided - there is simply no way to teach rocket science to 95% of the population. I'm not saying it doesn't have to get better, but there are obvious inherent limits - most people just don't have the natural ability to become a doctor. Again, outside of technical degrees I think the idea that college education is the key to a more skilled workforce is off target. For such degrees, it is mainly a cheap and efficient way for lazy companies to filter candidates.
I've seen a few interesting pieces recently on workplace training, how that generally most companies don't invest in employee development/coaching anywhere like what they used to. Outside of technical degrees, there are very few jobs (including accounting) that a smart high school grad couldn't be on equal footing with an equally smart college grad after 2-3 months.
Used to be people would learn broad skills on-the-job and be marketable. Now, for a variety of reasons, many jobs are becoming highly specialized (or at least companies have little interest in even a modest level of training). Take that accounting grad - gets a job with a hotel and uses Cognos. He or she will now find it very difficult to go to another industry, or even another hotel using one of numerous other accounting software suites. If you want to keep yourself marketable, I think you should consider seeking promotions every 2-3 years into another industry (but same functional discipline).
It's bad. Maybe eventually we'll move toward a different model that replaces useless and un-enriching courses (guessing that constitutes as much as half my UG) with real world experience. Would students be better off spending a semester (or more) of fees to actually PAY for work experience that is valued by employers, as opposed to underwater basket weaving?